Language codes – https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_ISO_639-1_codes#NL

Wikipedia on language and codes

q[MvA] Why are Wiki-pages in different languages not literal translations, but instead completely ‘different’ texts?

Letter		Name[19]	Meaning	Phoneme	Origin	Corresponding letter in
Image	Text					Hebrew	Syriac	Arabic	South Arabian	Ge’ez	Greek	Latin	Cyrillic
	𐤀‎	ʾālep	ox	ʾ [ʔ]	𓃾	א	ܐ	ﺍ	𐩱	አ	Αα	Aa	Аа
	𐤁‎	bēt	house	b [b]	𓉐	ב	ܒ	ﺏ	𐩨	በ	Ββ	Bb	Бб, Вв
	𐤂‎	gīml	throwing stick (or camel[20])	g [ɡ]	𓌙	ג	ܓ	ﺝ	𐩴	ገ	Γγ	Cc, Gg	Гг, Ґґ
	𐤃‎	dālet	door (or fish[20])	d [d]	𓇯	ד	ܕ	د, ذ	𐩵	ደ	Δδ	Dd	Дд
	𐤄‎	hē	window (or jubilation[20])	h [h]	𓀠?	ה	ܗ	ه	𐩠	ሀ	Εε	Ee	Ее, Єє, Ээ
	𐤅‎	wāw	hook	w [w]	𓏲	ו	ܘ	ﻭ	𐩥	ወ	(Ϝϝ), Υυ	Ff, Uu, Vv, Yy, Ww	Ѵѵ, Уу, Ўў
	𐤆‎	zayin	weapon (or manacle[20])	z [z]	𓏭	ז	ܙ	ﺯ	𐩹	ዘ	Ζζ	Zz	Зз
	𐤇‎	ḥēt	courtyard/wall (?)	ḥ [ħ]	𓉗/𓈈?	ח	ܚ	ح, خ	𐩢, 𐩭	ሐ, ኀ	Ηη	Hh	Ии, Йй
	𐤈‎	ṭēt	wheel	ṭ [tˤ]	𓄤?	ט	ܛ	ط, ظ	𐩷	ጠ	Θθ	—	Ѳѳ
	𐤉‎	yōd	hand	y [j]	𓂝	י	ܝ	ي	𐩺	የ	Ιι	Ii, Jj	Іі, Її, Јј
	𐤊‎	kāp	palm of a hand	k [k]	𓂧	כך	ܟ	ﻙ	𐩫	ከ	Κκ	Kk	Кк
	𐤋‎	lāmed	goad	l [l]	𓌅	ל	ܠ	ﻝ	𐩡	ለ	Λλ	Ll	Лл
	𐤌‎	mēm	water	m [m]	𓈖	מם	ܡ	ﻡ	𐩣	መ	Μμ	Mm	Мм
	𐤍‎	nūn	serpent (or fish [20])	n [n]	𓆓	נן	ܢ	ﻥ	𐩬	ነ	Νν	Nn	Нн
	𐤎‎	sāmek	pillar(?)	s [s]	𓊽	ס	ܣ ܤ	—	𐩪	ሰ	Ξξ	Xx	Ѯѯ,
	𐤏‎	ʿayin	eye	ʿ [ʕ]	𓁹	ע	ܥ	ع, غ	𐩲	ዐ	Οο, Ωω	Oo	Оо
	𐤐‎	pē	mouth (or corner[20])	p [p]	𓂋	פף	ܦ	ف	𐩰	ፐ, ፈ	Ππ	Pp	Пп
	𐤑‎	ṣādē	papyrus plant/fish hook?	ṣ [sˤ]	𓇑 ?	צץ	ܨ	ص, ض	𐩮	ጸ, ጰ, ፀ	(Ϻϻ)	—	Цц, Чч, Џџ
	𐤒‎	qōp	needle eye	q [q]	𓃻?	ק	ܩ	ﻕ	𐩤	ቀ	Ϙϙ	Qq	Ҁҁ
	𐤓‎	rēš	head	r [r]	𓁶	ר	ܪ	ﺭ	𐩧	ረ	Ρρ	Rr	Рр
	𐤔‎	šīn	tooth (or sun[20])	š [ʃ]	𓌓	ש	ܫ	ش, س	𐩦	ሠ	Σς	Ss	Сс, Шш, Щщ
	𐤕‎	tāw	mark	t [t]	𓏴	ת	ܬ	ت, ث	𐩩	ተ	Ττ	Tt	Тт

The earliest Aramaic alphabet was based on the Phoenician alphabet. In time, Aramaic developed its distinctive “square” style. The ancient Israelites and other peoples of Canaan adopted this alphabet for writing their own languages. Thus, it is better known as the Hebrew alphabet today. This is the writing system used in Biblical Aramaic and other Jewish writing in Aramaic. The other main writing system used for Aramaic was developed by Christian communities: a cursive form known as the Syriac alphabet. A highly modified form of the Aramaic alphabet, the Mandaic alphabet, is used by the Mandaeans.

In addition to these writing systems, certain derivatives of the Aramaic alphabet were used in ancient times by particular groups: the Nabataean alphabet in Petra and the Palmyrene alphabet in Palmyra. In modern times, Turoyo (see below) has sometimes been written in a Latin script.

Aramaic^[2] (Arāmāyā; Old Aramaic: 𐤀𐤓𐤌𐤉𐤀; Imperial Aramaic: 𐡀𐡓𐡌𐡉𐡀; square script אַרָמָיָא, Classical Syriac: ܐܪܡܝܐ) is the language or group of languages of the ancient region of Syria.^[3] It belongs to the Northwest Semitic group of the Afroasiatic language family, which also includes the Canaanite languages such as Hebrew, Amorite, Edomite, Moabite and Phoenician, as well as Ugarite. The Aramaic alphabet was widely adopted for other languages and is ancestral to the Hebrew, Syriac and Arabic alphabets. During its approximately 3,100 years of written history,^[4] Aramaic has served variously as a language of administration of empires, as a language of divine worship and religious study, and as the spoken tongue of a number of Semitic peoples from the Near East.

source Wikipedia

From Wikipedia

The Phoenician alphabet is an alphabet (more specifically, an abjad)^[3] consisting of 22 consonant letters only, leaving vowel sounds implicit, although certain late varieties use matres lectionis for some vowels.

Its immediate predecessor, the Proto-Canaanite alphabet or early “West Semitic alphabet”,^[4] used in the final stages of the Late Bronze Age in the Syro-Hittite kingdoms, is the oldest fully matured alphabet, ultimately derived from Egyptian hieroglyphs.^[5]

In the Early Iron Age, the Phoenician alphabet was used to write Northwest Semitic languages, more specifically early Phoenician, Moabite, Ammonite, Edomite, Hebrew and Old Aramaic.

Its use in Phoenicia (coastal Levant) led to its wide dissemination outside of the Canaanite sphere, spread by Phoenician merchants across the Mediterranean world, where it was adopted and modified by many other cultures. It became one of the most widely used writing systems.

The Phoenician alphabet proper remained in use in Ancient Carthage until the 2nd century BC, while elsewhere it diversified into numerous national alphabets, including the Aramaic and Samaritan, several Anatolian scripts, and the early Greek alphabets.

In the Near East, the Aramaic alphabet became especially successful, giving rise to the Hebrew and Arabic scripts, among others.

The Greek alphabet in turn gave rise to numerous derived scripts, including Latin, Cyrillic, Runic, and Coptic.

As the letters were originally incised with a stylus, they are mostly angular and straight, although cursive versions steadily gained popularity, culminating in the Neo-Punic alphabet of Roman-era North Africa. Phoenician was usually written right to left, though some texts alternate directions (boustrophedon).

Table of letters[edit]

The chart shows the graphical evolution of Phoenician letter forms into other alphabets. The sound values also changed significantly, both at the initial creation of new alphabets and from gradual pronunciation changes which did not immediately lead to spelling changes.^[18] The Phoenician letter forms shown are idealized: actual Phoenician writing less uniform, with significant variations by era and region.

When alphabetic writing began, with the early Greek alphabet, the letter forms were similar but not identical to Phoenician, and vowels were added to the consonant-only Phoenician letters. There were also distinct variants of the writing system in different parts of Greece, primarily in how those Phoenician characters that did not have an exact match to Greek sounds were used. The Ionic variant evolved into the standard Greek alphabet, and the Cumae variant into the Italic alphabets (including the Latin alphabet).

The Runic alphabet is derived from Italic, the Cyrillic alphabet from medieval Greek. The Hebrew, Syriac and Arabic scripts are derived from Aramaic (the latter as a medieval cursive variant of Nabataean). Ge’ez is from South Arabian.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phoenician_alphabet